In the Shoes of Jacques Cartier

Jacques Cartier was an eastern Canadian explorer born in 1491. Early on in his career, Cartier was known as a good explorer, and he carried this title with pride until his exploring career came to an end. Throughout his exploring career, Cartier took part in three major exploration trips to North America.

Cartier's first exploration took part in 1534 when king Francis of France funded an expedition to explore North America. On this expedition Cartier wasn't a guide, rather he was the captain. On this specific expedition, Cartier was in search for a route to Asia, spices, gold and other types of riches.  Cartier sailed through the gulf of the St. Lawrence, explored the west coast of Newfoundland and discovered Prince Edward Island. Cartier also captured two First Nations People, which he used to help navigate, as they had a very good understanding of the geography of the land. Cartier brought these two First Nation People back to France with him when he was done his exploration.

When Cartier returned from his expedition, the king was very impressed with the work Cartier had done. The king was so impressed that he decided to send Cartier back on another trip the following year. The two First Nations People Cartier brought back to France with him accompanied Cartier on his second expedition. Once again they helped greatly when it came to navigation. Cartier and his men navigated along the St. Lawrence River, and established a base while on this second expedition.

During the fall, Cartier travelled down the St. Lawrence River and into land controlled by the Iroquois. The Iroquois told Cartier that there were rivers that travelled further west, where things like spices, gold, silver and copper could be found. This sparked the attention of Cartier, as gold, silver, copper and spices are what he was in North America in search of.  Not only was their many riches, but the Iroquois also told him about a great river that possibly lead to Asia.

In the spring once the ice had melted off the rivers and they were able to travel on them again, Cartier and his men captured many more Iroquois men to help them on their trip. This greatly angered the other Iroquois men, causing Cartier to quickly flee back to France. When back in France, Cartier told the King all that he had heard from the Iroquois about the riches back in North America. He also shared how the Iroquois had spoke of a 20000 mile river that possibly lead to Asia.

It was in the spring of 1541 that Cartier left on his third and final voyage to North America. This trip involved five ships filled with many men, with the intentions to establish a permanent French settlement along the St. Lawrence river. After setting up camp near Quebec, Cartier and his men found a great deal of what they thought was gold and diamonds. Cartier's original plan was to stay at this settlement in order for it to become a permanent settlement, but instead he took the "gold and diamonds" and returned to France. It was only after he had arrived back in France that he found out that his "gold and diamonds" weren't what he thought they were. And instead of having great deals of value, they had no value at all.

After Cartier's third expedition, France was no longer very interested in exploring North America. This lack of interest went on for half a century, thus putting Cartier's career as an explorer to an end until he passed away on September 1, 1557.

Cartier's work as an explorer greatly effected the French. He helped to establish settlements, found and brought back resources beneficial to France and mapped out areas of Canada. The fact that he helped form settlements, was later beneficial to the British when they took over the French peoples land in Canada. The impact Cartier had on the First Nations People wasn't necessarily a very good one. This was for the reason that Cartier established settlements on land that at one time belonged to the First Nations, captured many Iroquois men and took resources away from the First Nations people. Overall the work that Cartier did, greatly benefited the future of Canada.

Jacques Cartier(2017) Uploaded by: Wikipedia. Available online at: 

https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/90/Jacques_Cartier_by_Hamel.jpg

In Another Persons Shoes: Samuel De Champlain

       Samuel De Champlain was a French navigator, cartographer, draftsman, solider, explorer, geographer, ethnologist, diplomat and a chronicler. He was born August 13th, 1574 in Hiers-Brouage France and died December 25th, 1635 in Quebec City. 

         Samuel was known as, “The Father Of Canada” and became one of the most important explorers in North America. As well as French History and mapped lots of our country Canada along with Northeastern United States. 

         In 1603, Champlain sailed to North America with François Gravé Du Pont; his uncle !! After they returned, Champlain decided to sail back into Quebec with high hopes of discovering the Northwest Passage. Which was a huge deal because it’s a waterway that provides a shortcut into Asia ! 

         In 1608, Champlain returned to North America and started the first permanent French colony in the “New World” at Quebec City, on the St. Lawrence River. He was the first European to explore and describe the Great Lakes, as well as published maps of his journeys and his accounts of what he has learned from the Natives, along with the French living amoung the Natives. Samuel had formed relationships with local Montagnais, Innu and later with others farther west. He also agreed to help provide assistance in the Beaver Wars against the Iroquois. 

        In 1609, he helped the Huron Indians fight the Iroquois, which resulted in a high level of hatred between the French and Iroquois. He also led an expedition up the Richelieu River and had explored a long, narrow lake between the Green Mountains of Present-Day Vermont and the Adirondack Mountains of Present-Day New York. He than named it after himself as he was the first European to map and describe this lake. 

       In 1620, Louis XIII of France had ordered Champlain to put an end to exploration, return to Quebec and give himself to the administration of the country. Samuel served as Governor of New France. He established trading companies which sent goods, and primary fur to France. He oversaw the Growth of New France in St.Lawrence River Valley until his passing in 1635. 

        Later on, in the year of 1628 some English soldiers came in and attacked Quebec. By this time Champlain was already 61 years old and yet still fought to defend the settlement. However, he was captured and was brought back to England. That didn’t stop him though because I’m 1932, he returned one last time to Quebec hoping to take control of the settlement another time. Like I said previously, he was given the name “Father of Canada”, because he established the very first permanent settlement in New France and all his dedication to Quebec. 

            In conclusion, from what I have learned in history class and from the website I used as well, is that Samuel De Champlain was an overall great guy. I think it’s important that we all get to learn about him because I feel he is not none or rewarded enough for everything he has done. Although, he did get a great name for himself to his day, as well as many streets, places, structures in Northeastern North America, bear his name or have some monuments establishing his memory. 

Reference;

Name; Samuel De Champlain. Available @; https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samuel_de_Champlain uploaded by; DrStrauss. Last edited; 5 days ago

jaques cartier

Cartier was the first to document the name Canada to designate the territory on the shores of the St-Lawrence River. The name is derived from the Iroquois word "kanata", or village, which was incorrectly interpreted as the native term for the newly discovered land. Cartier used the name to describe Stadacona, the surrounding land and the river itself. And Cartier named "Canadiens" the inhabitants (Iroquois) he had seen there. Thereafter the name Canada was used to designate the small French colony on these shores, and the French colonists were called Canadiens, until the 19th century, when the name started to be applied to the loyalist colonies on the Great Lakes and later to all of  North America. In this way Cartier is not strictly the European discoverer.

Considering that Cartier made three voyages of exploration in dangerous  unknown waters without losing a ship,  he entered and departed some 50 undiscovered harbors without serious mishap, he may be considered one of the most conscientious explorers of the period.
Cartier was also one of the first to formally acknowledge that the New World was a separate land mass from Europe/Asia

In Anther Person's Shoes: Jacques Cartier

     Cartier was a Canadian explorer and was born in 1491 and died September 1st 1557. Throughout his career he was considered a good explorer, until his career slowly came to an end after the French were not interested in exploring North America for half a century. Within his career he was a part of three major North American exploration trips. He sailed with many great explorers such as Henry Hudson and Lewis & Clark, guiding them and helping them with their many expeditions. 

     In 1534 which was his first solo expedition, as a captain not a guide. King Francis of France funded his journey to search for gold and other riches such as, spices and a route to Asia. When exploring the west coast of Newfoundland he discovered what we now call today Prince Edward Island and sailed through the gulf of St. Lawrence. Upon returning to France, King Francis was very much impressed with Cartier's findings and sent him back the next year. While on his first trip he had captured two First Nations that would now serve him as guides. The second trip was more focused on establishing a base, after navigating the St. Lawrence.

     During the fall, Cartier travelled down the river which is now referred to as Montreal and was greeted by the Iroquois who at the time controlled the area. They told him about the rivers that led farther west where all the gold, silver, copper, and spices were found. After a cold winter in Canada for Cartier and his men, Cartier then captured more Iroquois men in the spring when the ice on the river was gone. This only made the Iroquois mad, so Cartier quickly sailed back to France. He then reported to the king of all the untold riches in the west and about the 2,000 mile long river that supposedly led to Asia. 

     May of 1541 Cartier departed on his third and final voyage a total of five ships. His mission was to establish a permanent settlement along the St. Lawrence river for the French. He set up camp near Quebec, finding a great abundance of what was perceived to be gold and diamonds. They were discovered as not real as he soon found out upon his arrival. 

     Cartier's exploring overall greatly effected France, even today. He helped to secure settlements, as well as brought back resources to benefit the French  and mapped out different areas of Canada. The work that he did with settlements was greatly appreciated by the British when they took over the French land in Canada. By capturing Iroquois men, as well as taking over their land and their resources Cartier did not have the best first impression with the First Nations. From my stand point with a few bumps in the road Cartier very much impacted Canada and our future as well as our history

Jacques Cartier.(2014)Marcel Trudel. Available online at http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/cartier_jacques_1491_1557_1E.html

Class on Oct. 29

So in today's class Mrs. Thompson was not present, and so Mr. Morin was the sub for the day. Right off the bat we started with our weekly quiz, spent ten or so minutes doing then correcting that together. Once that was over Mackenzie came in to do her quiz; she was late for class. i won't share any information on that in case there is students that haven't taken the quiz yet. We were all on the same page now so we decided to go over the notes that were done on Friday, fill in the blank like normal, but the hockey team and girls volleyball team was missing so there was lots to catch up on. we consisted of the British proclamation, and how it started. The french didn't accept British rule and still saw themselves as french. They had poor economy, little resources, much like the first nations. they did not accept British rule, were hurt they were not consulted after the 7 years war, and did not want colonization on there land. when the Europeans colonized they spread small pox to the unprotected first nations. Both the British and Yankees wanted the french out of there way, lots of land, and weren't seeing each other as a threat. Also the Yankees were not fazed by the first nations. the British made everyone have a trade license from the British government. the proclamation line was created by king George III to define boundary between the groups. We had trouble getting the notes up on the board so we just read them out loud. soon enough that was finished also.  In the notes it had said to make a map of the land in the east. just on a map of Canada and found in Pg. 113 in the textbook. the map consisted of Ruperts land, 13 colonies, first nations and Quebec. We handed those in and then continued to try to watch the video she had planned.  It was not the most eventful class, for the most part it was just catching up the kids that missed Friday. So if you were there Friday you didn't miss much.

champlain tagxedo

http://www.historymuseum.ca/virtual-museum-of-new-france/the-explorers/samuel-de-champlain-1604-1616/