World War 1

sources; United Kingdom Flag. (2017). Uploaded by facts.co. Available online at:  http://ukflag.facts.co/unitedkingdomflagof/ukflag.php

Louis Riel

reference: http://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/louis-riel/

Teacher POV on Residential Schools

Residential Schools were 'taught' by missionaries and nuns. The main focus of the First Nations children's' education at the Residential Schools was religion. The main purpose of residential schools was to assimilate the First Nations into European culture, so religion was a big part of that. Also as a part of their education, girls were taught to do laundry, sew, cook, and clean; while the boys were taught carpentry, tinsmithing, and farming. These were everyday lessons and were taught by the nuns and missionaries (people who did these things).
A lot of the teachers who accepted the jobs at residential schools were not fully aware of what the children were going through. Some of them thought they were there to nurture the kids. Much like Florence Kaefer, some were shocked to learn (40 years later) that all kinds of abuse was bestowed upon the kids by other staff members.
Decades later, many of the old residential school teachers reconciled with the old residential school students. Many were not as aware as people thought. Sometimes there was abuse, but a lot of times there wasn't. We now see that what they were doing was very wrong and cruel, but then, to them they  were teaching the First Nations children the European way of life, not stripping them of who they were.
A lot of former teachers of residential schools have shown empathy for the students that they used to care for. They are upset by the reputation left behind and they are willing to share their side of the story so that they can restore their relationship with the past.



"In the late 1980s, many former students came forward with stories detailing physical and sexual abuse, cultural repression and enforced loss of language. Some eventually filed lawsuits against the federal government and the churches.
In 1993, Archbishop Michael Peers, then the Anglican church’s primate, apologized for the church’s involvement in the schools and for the harm it had done to aboriginal people.
Since then, the Anglican church has sought to address the residential schools legacy in various ways, including support for indigenous ministries, the establishment of a healing fund in 1991, and signing both the initial Residential Schools Settlement Agreement in 2003 and the revised agreement in 2007".
Residential schools staff urged to share stories. (2011). Uploaded by Anglican Journal. Available online at: http://www.anglicanjournal.com/articles/residential-schools-staff-urged-to-share-stories-9694

Canada's residential school story to be taught in classrooms this fall.(2015). Uploaded by CBC. Available online at:  http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/edmonton/canada-s-residential-school-story-to-be-taught-in-classrooms-this-fall-1.3216399

Info references
Living conditions at the residential schools. (2009). Uploaded by First Nations and Indigenous Studdies. Available online at: http://indigenousfoundations.arts.ubc.ca/home/government-policy/the-residential-school-system.html


Back to the Red Road. (2015). Uploaded by Caitlin Press Inc.. Available online at: http://caitlin-press.com/our-books/back-to-the-red-road/


http://www.winnipegfreepress.com/arts-and-life/entertainment/books/memoir-tells-two-stories-of-residential-schools-261346601.html


Residential schools staff urged to share stories. (2011). Uploaded by Anglican Journal. Available online at: http://www.anglicanjournal.com/articles/residential-schools-staff-urged-to-share-stories-9694

Teachers in Residential Schools

Residential schools were "boarding" schools meant to keep Indigenous people (F.N.M.I) so that they could assimilate them into European cultures.

Dear Diary;

Today is the day that I start my job at the local residential school, and I have to admit that I am quite nervous. I have heard lots of not so nice things about these places like their teaching is horrible, no empathy for these children at all, I just hope today won’t be one of those days that I have heard all about.

Dear Diary;

It is terrible! These poor children have it so rough. Some of these boys had to wake up at the crack of dawn and do the morning chores like milking the cows and feeding the animals before anyone else woke up. Then about a half hour later everyone else woke up.  After they did their morning Mass, they had their breakfast and trust me it didn’t look good at all.

Dear Diary;

All they do is chores! And when I finally get them for their studies, a lot of it was the religious stuff and then finally the stuff that mattered. Once we finally had gotten to the math, reading, and writing these poor children were so tuckered out that they were too tired to focus or just didn’t really care. We only have two hours per day to learn the things every child should know and we aren’t even getting that!

Dear Diary;

The children have finally gotten out of their lesson and it’s time to do more work. The little girls learn how to sew, do the laundry, cook and clean. Most of the stuff they learn to cook is served to all the other children for breakfast in the morning. The boys are taught how to tend to the land, like raise a farm, grow a garden and chop down the wood, they also learn other things like shoe repair which for the amount of time they are on their feet, it will definitely be useful.

The children have finally finished all the things they have to do and are all getting ready for bed. They brush their teeth, cleaned up their face and hands threw on some pyjamas and went off to bed.

Dear Diary;

I don’t know how these children do it but however they get through it is something I wish I had in me. They all know they don’t have it easy but they don’t let it get them down. If I were one of them I’d just look at each day as if it were a new opportunity to make the next one better and better.

Sources: My brain,

              Nishnawbe Aski Nation Package 

battle of loos

Dear dairy

 French British and British forces will try to break through are defenses in Artois.  We presume that their goal is to improve their war effort and restore the war of movement. The enemies have begun to their assault and are trying to break are wire around loos with artillery strikes. They have been unsuccessful thus afar but we must drive them back before they are able to gain any more ground on loos. A unforeseen event however is that the British are using chlorine gas against us which was a surprise because they have never used it before, never the less this won’t be a big issue for us. We have not lost and major casualties only some ground losses but we were able to hold them off for the time begging. The have reinforcement only a few days away so we need to regroup and begging to prepare for another assault.

Dear diary

Sep 26. The British have resumed their attack on loos with new reserves. We managed to recover and improved are defensive positions. In a matter of hours we have managed to take out more than half of their battalions we killed 8000 of the 10000 sent to attack loos. We are hoping that they do not attack from the north for are defenses there are not as strong as are defenses in the southern part of loos. Before the days end we will have defeated the opposing force.

Dear diary

Sep 28. We have full driven back the British and French army’s. We must have killed more than 20000 solder’s during the battle. While digging through the mound of corpses we discovered that among the mass of body’s we had also killed three major generals during the fight. This is a massive step for us and is war effort s. now we must work on recapturing the Hohenzollern Redoubt and the rest of the ground we have lost during the battle which will prove to be a difficult task and will take weeks to accomplish. Most of our time in this division will be spent repairing the damages that loos had suffered and burning the countless body’s the fill the land surrounding the town.

sources https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Loos and my brain

Effects of the Indian Act

I used Tagxedo. (I found it in 2017). I was the one who made the picture. I used the website: http://www.tagxedo.com/

Indian Agents

Reference for Picture. John Johnston (Indian Agent).jpg (2016). Uploaded by Wikipedia. Available at  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Johnston_(Indian_agent)#/media/File:John_Johnston_(Indian_Agent).jpg